ai_synth/backend/src/config.rs

//! Application configuration loaded from environment variables.
//!
//! All required variables are validated at startup. The application refuses
//! to start with invalid configuration rather than failing at runtime.

use std::env;
use std::sync::Arc;

/// Typed application configuration.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct AppConfig {
    // Database
    pub database_url: String,

    // Security
    pub master_encryption_key: Arc<String>,

    // Application
    pub app_url: String,
    pub port: u16,
    pub static_dir: String,

    // Email (Resend)
    pub resend_api_key: String,
    pub email_from: String,

    // Captcha (Cloudflare Turnstile)
    pub turnstile_secret_key: String,
    pub turnstile_site_key: String,
}

impl AppConfig {
    /// Load configuration from environment variables.
    ///
    /// Uses `dotenvy` (called before this) to load `.env` if present.
    /// Fails fast with a clear error message if a required variable is missing.
    pub fn from_env() -> Result<Self, String> {
        let database_url = required_var("DATABASE_URL")?;
        let master_encryption_key = required_var("MASTER_ENCRYPTION_KEY")?;
        let app_url = required_var("APP_URL")?;
        let resend_api_key = required_var("RESEND_API_KEY")?;
        let email_from = required_var("EMAIL_FROM")?;
        let turnstile_secret_key = required_var("TURNSTILE_SECRET_KEY")?;
        let turnstile_site_key = required_var("TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY")?;

        let port = env::var("PORT")
            .unwrap_or_else(|_| "8080".to_string())
            .parse::<u16>()
            .map_err(|_| "PORT must be a valid u16".to_string())?;

        let static_dir = env::var("STATIC_DIR")
            .unwrap_or_else(|_| "../frontend/dist".to_string());

        Ok(Self {
            database_url,
            master_encryption_key: Arc::new(master_encryption_key),
            app_url,
            port,
            static_dir,
            resend_api_key,
            email_from,
            turnstile_secret_key,
            turnstile_site_key,
        })
    }

    /// Validate that configuration values meet minimum requirements.
    ///
    /// Called after loading to ensure secrets are properly formatted
    /// and the APP_URL has a valid scheme.
    pub fn validate(&self) -> Result<(), String> {
        if self.master_encryption_key.len() != 64
            || !self.master_encryption_key.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_hexdigit())
        {
            return Err(
                "MASTER_ENCRYPTION_KEY must be exactly 64 hex characters (256-bit key)".into(),
            );
        }

        if !self.app_url.starts_with("http://") && !self.app_url.starts_with("https://") {
            return Err("APP_URL must start with http:// or https://".into());
        }

        if self.app_url.ends_with('/') {
            return Err("APP_URL must not end with a trailing slash".into());
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Returns true if the application is running in a secure (HTTPS) context.
    pub fn is_secure(&self) -> bool {
        self.app_url.starts_with("https://")
    }
}

/// Read a required environment variable, returning a clear error if missing.
fn required_var(name: &str) -> Result<String, String> {
    env::var(name).map_err(|_| format!("Missing required environment variable: {name}"))
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_validate_valid_config() {
        let config = AppConfig {
            database_url: "postgres://user:pass@localhost/db".into(),
            master_encryption_key: Arc::new("ab".repeat(32)),
            app_url: "https://synth.example.com".into(),
            port: 8080,
            static_dir: "./static".into(),
            resend_api_key: "re_test".into(),
            email_from: "test@example.com".into(),
            turnstile_secret_key: "0x4AAA".into(),
            turnstile_site_key: "0x4BBB".into(),
        };
        assert!(config.validate().is_ok());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_validate_bad_encryption_key_length() {
        let config = AppConfig {
            database_url: "postgres://user:pass@localhost/db".into(),
            master_encryption_key: Arc::new("abcd".into()), // too short
            app_url: "https://synth.example.com".into(),
            port: 8080,
            static_dir: "./static".into(),
            resend_api_key: "re_test".into(),
            email_from: "test@example.com".into(),
            turnstile_secret_key: "0x4AAA".into(),
            turnstile_site_key: "0x4BBB".into(),
        };
        let err = config.validate().unwrap_err();
        assert!(err.contains("MASTER_ENCRYPTION_KEY"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_validate_bad_encryption_key_not_hex() {
        let config = AppConfig {
            database_url: "postgres://user:pass@localhost/db".into(),
            master_encryption_key: Arc::new("zz".repeat(32)), // not hex
            app_url: "https://synth.example.com".into(),
            port: 8080,
            static_dir: "./static".into(),
            resend_api_key: "re_test".into(),
            email_from: "test@example.com".into(),
            turnstile_secret_key: "0x4AAA".into(),
            turnstile_site_key: "0x4BBB".into(),
        };
        let err = config.validate().unwrap_err();
        assert!(err.contains("MASTER_ENCRYPTION_KEY"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_validate_bad_app_url_scheme() {
        let config = AppConfig {
            database_url: "postgres://user:pass@localhost/db".into(),
            master_encryption_key: Arc::new("ab".repeat(32)),
            app_url: "ftp://synth.example.com".into(),
            port: 8080,
            static_dir: "./static".into(),
            resend_api_key: "re_test".into(),
            email_from: "test@example.com".into(),
            turnstile_secret_key: "0x4AAA".into(),
            turnstile_site_key: "0x4BBB".into(),
        };
        let err = config.validate().unwrap_err();
        assert!(err.contains("APP_URL"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_validate_trailing_slash() {
        let config = AppConfig {
            database_url: "postgres://user:pass@localhost/db".into(),
            master_encryption_key: Arc::new("ab".repeat(32)),
            app_url: "https://synth.example.com/".into(),
            port: 8080,
            static_dir: "./static".into(),
            resend_api_key: "re_test".into(),
            email_from: "test@example.com".into(),
            turnstile_secret_key: "0x4AAA".into(),
            turnstile_site_key: "0x4BBB".into(),
        };
        let err = config.validate().unwrap_err();
        assert!(err.contains("trailing slash"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_is_secure() {
        let config = AppConfig {
            database_url: "postgres://user:pass@localhost/db".into(),
            master_encryption_key: Arc::new("ab".repeat(32)),
            app_url: "https://synth.example.com".into(),
            port: 8080,
            static_dir: "./static".into(),
            resend_api_key: "re_test".into(),
            email_from: "test@example.com".into(),
            turnstile_secret_key: "0x4AAA".into(),
            turnstile_site_key: "0x4BBB".into(),
        };
        assert!(config.is_secure());

        let config_http = AppConfig {
            app_url: "http://localhost:3000".into(),
            ..config
        };
        assert!(!config_http.is_secure());
    }
}